Different Modes of Excretion in Plant: Like animal cells, metabolic waste products produced in plant cells also. To sustain properly plant cells organise different types of biochemical reactions and it results in both useful products as well as harmful products. Useful products are utilised further for different purposes in plant cells and harmful products go outside as excretory products. Excretory product and process of these excretory product removal are different in different plant cells.
Different modes of excretion in plant
Excretion in plants is simpler than that of the excretion in animals. Because plants do not have well developed organisations like animals have and plants do not have well developed organs for excretion. So excretory products as well as excretion process in plants is simpler than that of animals.
Byproduct of cellular respiration, carbon dioxide and excess water are excretory products for plants. In plant cells during protein metabolism some nitrogenous byproducts are produced which are harmful for plant cells.
Some other excretory products are also produced during various biochemical reactions inside plants cells. Oxygen produced during photosynthesis and carbon dioxide produced during respiration both are examples of gaseous excretory products. Removal of these two gaseous excretory products are very easy because oxygen and carbon dioxide easily diffuse outside via stomatal aperture of the plant body.
Removal of these gaseous excretory products is not an energy consuming process. These gaseous excretory products also have great recycling value because oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used in respiration and carbon dioxide produced during respiration can be used in photosynthesis.
Excess water produced during different metabolic activity goes outside of the plant body through stomatal aperture present on different parts of the plant body, like surface of leaves, surface of fruits, surface of stem. This process of removal of excess water from the plant body through the surface of the plant body is known as transpiration.
During metabolic activity some organic chemicals also produced which are harmful for plant cells and stored as excretory product. Major organic material stored as excretory material are oils, resin, gum, latex eccetera. These organic excretory material stored in different parts of plant body, for example leaves, bark, stems. When much amount of organic excretory material is stored in those plant parts, plants shed them to remove these excretory material.
Oil we collect from oranges, jasmine and eucalyptus all are examples of organic excretory material. Rubber we get from rubber trees is the latex of the rubber tree which is again an example of stored organic excretory product. Latex of papaya trees and gum we get from acacia is also an example of stored organic excretory products. Plants also excrete harmful metabolic byproduct in soils in small extents. Excretion is very easy in aquatic plants because they can excrete their excretory material through general body surface to the water nearby easily.
So modes of excretion in plant can be categorised in following group
Diffusion through the general body surface: Aquatic plants can do that easily and they do not have to store the excretory material in their body for a long time. They can remove the excretory material after it formed through the general body surface into water. Diffusion is also used for removal of excretory products by the plant parts which are underground. Excretory products diffused into soils directly from these underground plant parts.
Transpiration: This method is useful for gaseous excretory products produced in plant body through different pore present in plant body. Exit points for these gaseous excretory material can be stomata, lenticels, surface of fruits and stems.
Store in different body parts: Most organic excretory products are stored in different forms in different body parts of plants. They remain stored until they shed from the plant body. Most of these stored excretory products have great economic importance in our everyday life.
Read More: Different modes of excretion in animals
Reference: Different Modes of Excretion in Plant
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