We need energy from maintaining cellular activities for growth, development and the regular replacement of damaged old cells by the new cells and to meet the energy we need for food.
But food we take does not contain only one type of component, the food we take is actually a mixture of different types of chemicals and each type of chemical has a special role in our body.
So we have to know about the components of food so that we can determine which type of food is more beneficial and how much amount of food we should take on a regular basis because a small amount of food can cause different types of deficiency disorders while large amounts of food can also cause different types of disorders.
We have a lot of options for food but we shall only choose those food which is required according to our need and to choose right food at right amount we have to know about composition of food their role in our body so that we can prevent different types of deficiency disorders and other disorders for more intake of food like obesity.
Components of Food:
In our diet the food does not contain a single type of chemical, it contains a mixture of chemicals like carbohydrates, protein, sugar, minerals, vitamins and some of them take part in supplying the metabolic energy which some chemicals do not provide any energy but required for different biochemical reactions in living cells.
For example the sugary foods we take like rice, starch are rich in carbohydrates which upon digestion converted into simple sugars which upto respiration give cellular metabolic energy.
Some animal products like meat and some plant products like beans are rich in protein which takes part in energy production but when the protein breaks down into amino acids they are reused in cells for production of different types of protein which is used for producing enzymes and other structural proteins in living cells.
Fat, oil and some animal products like milk contain large amounts of fat and this fat is very useful for release of high amounts of ATP and contributes a large portion of our metabolic energy needs.
Role of Different Types of Food In Our Body:
The major components of food are carbohydrates, protein and fat which are used for majorly to meet the metabolic energy required in our body but some chemicals like protein take part in formation of different structural proteins in cell and they store in body in different form which can be used during the time of emergency when we unable to take food externally.
Some chemicals like vitamin A, vitamin B complex, vitamin C, vitamin D and other vitamins are not used for energy but they are essential to maintain different structures in our living cells so we should take sufficient amounts of vitamin rich foods to maintain proper balance in our body.
With main food components we also uptake some substances which are not used for energy or not used for maintaining any cellular structure, like fibres present in different plant products do not provide us metabolic energy but they are required for smooth digestion.
Water we take on a daily basis is also a component of our food and it is known to all of us that to maintain a cell structure water is very important and it is important for digestion of food and absorption of food.
So we should take an amount of water but not more than sufficient amount because any components of food over a limit cause problems. We should take nutrition rich foods like meat, eggs, milk, fruits, green vegetables, fish, mineral rich foods.
Read More: Role of Digestive Enzymes in Digestion
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