Table of Contents
What is Biodiversity Conservation:
When we notice in our environment we can see vast variation in different organisms which refers to biodiversity and this biodiversity depends upon various ecological factors. But when biodiversity reduces for any reason our ecosystem affects in different ways.
Our environment due various reasons our natural resources are in danger so we should take care of them by managing them and give special protection to them for their better existence.
Biodiversity conservation helps to preserve various species to maintain their diversity and now we are going to discuss various methods of biodiversity conservation.
Different Methods of Biodiversity Conservation:
Biodiversity can be managed and conserved in different ways to prevent the loss of biodiversity and imbalance in our ecosystem.
In Situ Conservation:
In this method different species are managed in their natural habitat so they are present in their natural ecosystems which makes them comfortable in their own habitat.
It is very important for maintaining the natural ecosystems because presence and absence of a species in an ecosystem affect the whole ecosystem but in the case of in situ conservation it does not disturb the natural ecosystems and preserve different species simultaneously.
In this method as organisms present in their own habitat so they do not have to adapt to their new habitat so they can evolve in better ways and this method is cost savings.
In national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and different biosphere reserves different species are protected in their natural habitat without disturbing the natural ecosystems.
National Park:
In national parks, the government preserves different species in their natural habitat and the government prohibits various human activity in national parks like grazing, forestry, cultivation for example Kanha National Park, Bandipur national park.
Wildlife Sanctuaries:
They are large areas where different species are preserved but along with different human activity like cultivation, timber harvesting are allowed but it is under control.
Because very much human activity can interfere with the life of the wild animals present in wildlife sanctuaries so it is allowed to certain limits.
Wildlife sanctuaries are places for wild animals so a lot of tourists come here to visit and observe the wildlife so they can be used as recreational places but excess human activity should be under control so that it does not disturb the wildlife.
Biosphere Reserve:
Biosphere reserve is a great place for reservations of various wild animals, domesticated animals and plants along with the inhabitants and it is a great area for research.
Ex Situ Conservation:
When a species becomes endangered then they are protected separately to save them from various competition for food and shelter and they are promoted to reproduce to keep them alive and prevent their extinction.
Examples of ex situ conservation are botanical gardens, zoos, gene banks where the species do not have to compete with other organisms for food, shelter and reproduction.
Reason for Biodiversity Conservation:
We should preserve biodiversity because when in an ecosystem a large number of species present in an ecosystem become very stable but when some species in an ecosystem are lost the ecosystem gets imbalanced. We all organisms depend directly or indirectly upon the natural resources as well as different species so we should take care of those special for our needs.
Loss of biodiversity occurs due to different reasons like overexploitation of natural resources by human beings, habitat loss due to human interference, entry of harmful exotic species, climatic changes due to pollution causing extinction of most of the species which is not good for our ecosystem.
How to Conserve Biodiversity:
- We should give special attention to those species which have great economic importance and have a great role in the ecosystem and conserve them.
- Overexploitation of human beings should be prevented because over a certain limit it causes destruction of natural resources as well as make many species extinct.
- All livestock, plants with economic importance, timber plants, and species which impact the ecosystem in great ways should be identified and preserved to save biodiversity.
Read More: Biodiversity in Plants and Animals
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