Hi, now we will try to understand how organisms response to abiotic factors in an ecosystem. I hope you are aware about what are biotic factors and what are abiotic factors. We know that biotic factors are influenced by various abiotic factors. Now we have how the living organisms react with the changing conditions of abiotic factors.
Conditions of abiotic factors are not constant all time they vary with time. For example suppose you are feeling so cold now what you will do to save yourself from these cold conditions either you would wear warm dress or you would put on your room heater.
This implies for all living organisms I know that all of them are not capable of collecting warm dress or heater but if they want to keep them alive they have to find out any solution. Abiotic Factors determine the growth of a specific organism, sometimes it helps the organism, sometimes it restricts the progress of the organism.
Different types of Response to Abiotic Factors:
Let’s go understand how many ways an organism can tolerate an change in any abiotic factors
Regulators: Have you noticed that our body temperature does not go to zero degrees celsius when we are in an area where the temperature is zero degrees celsius. Also when we are in an area where temperature is fifty degree celsius, our body temperature does not go to that high temperature.
Either we present in an area where the temperature is zero degrees celsius or fifty degree celsius our internal body temperature remains the same in a constant temperature. So what can we say about ourselves we are capable of keeping our internal body temperature constant whatever the outer environment temperature is. Now only human beings are all mammals, birds also able to keep their internal body temperature constant and they are called regulators.
Now how we regulate our body temperature during very cold weather, we start to shiver which raises the body temperature, our body hair becomes erect to create a feathery layer around our skins and many other changes occur in our body. Keeping body internal temperature whatever the outer environment temperature is called homeostasis and regulators are able to maintain homeostasis.
Conformers: All organisms are not able to maintain internal body temperature constant like we can do. Their body temperature changes with the environment but we know that there should also be a range they can not tolerate after a limit. Have you known that frogs are not capable of keeping their internal body temperature constant?
Their body temperature varies with the outer environment temperature. But below a temperature they are not able to keep them active then they go into an inactive state hibernation. Reptiles fall in this category; they are also unable to maintain homeostasis; they also go to hibernation in the very cold season.
Not only cold they go into inactive state in very hot seasons during summer as their body temperature rises with the outer environment it is impossible to keep themselves active.
Migration: It is another way to bypass the extreme conditions of abiotic factors. Most birds migrate from one region to another region to get relief from extreme weather conditions. But it is not possible for most of the other organisms as they are not able to travel long distances in a very short time span.
Migratory organisms travel their comfortable region when their own habitat is suffering from harsh weather conditions. Once their home region becomes normal weather conditions they return back to their home region.
Suspend: Suppose in a water body a lot of bacteria live and suddenly a chemical came to the water body by any way. Now imagine what happens to the bacteria if the chemical is poisonous for the bacteria. They have a special mechanism to escape from these toxic chemicals. They develop a thick covering outside their body which protects them from the chemical.
Reference: How Organisms Response to Abiotic Factors
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