Now we will focus on the blood vascular system in Balanoglossus, the blood vascular system in Balanoglossus is open type or lacunar type, the body fluids are not limited to blood vessels, they open into a large body cavity.
In an open vascular system, the visceral organ is present in the body fluids and take required materials from the body fluids. In Balanoglossus blood vascular system have different elements and we will discuss all the elements of the blood vascular system of Balanoglossus.
- The body fluids or blood in Balanoglossus is colourless and it takes part in circulation of different materials in whole body of Balanoglossus.
- Heart vesicles or cardiac sac present in proboscis region of Balanoglossus and the central sinus.
- Four distributing vessels or arteries and sinuses.
- Collecting vessels or veins which carries the blood from body wall and other parts.
Table of Contents
Colourless Blood of Balanoglossus:
In Balanoglossus the blood is colourless and there is no specific respiratory pigment in their blood for carrying respiratory gases. The respiratory gases exchange occur in the tongue bar of gill slits where the respiratory gases directly diffuse into the blood from the seawater current.
Blood is Balanoglossus have some special white corpuscles and their origin is not sure. But there is a strong possibility that the white blood corpuscles present in their blood are actually detached endothelial cells.
Central Sinus of Balanoglossus:
In the buccal cavity, the dorsal wall of the buccal cavity produces a tubular projection towards the proboscis region which is known as the buccal diverticulum. Just above the buccal diverticulum a small elongated open space or sinus is present which is known as the central sinus.
Heart Vesicles or Cardiac Sac:
Just above the central sinus, a hollow triangular muscular sac-like structure is present which is known as heart vesicles or cardiac sac. It performs the pumping action in the circulatory system of the Balanoglossus. The ventral side of the cardiac sac in Balanoglossus show a rhythmic pulsation which creates pulsation in the central sinus and helps pump the blood throughout the body.
The central sinus opens into other parts of the circulatory system in the posterior and in the anterior side, the central sinus opens into several afferent vessels which makes plexus of vessels in glomerular glands present in the proboscis region. The glomerular glands present in proboscis region is for the management of excretory material that comes through the blood.
Arteries or Distributing Vessels:
The vessels in the glomerulus make plexus and finally four arteries emerge out from the glomerular plexus, among the four arteries one is the mid-dorsal proboscis artery, one is the mid-ventral proboscis artery, another two arteries run on the lateral side as efferent glomerular arteries along the two side of the buccal diverticulum. The mid-dorsal and mid-ventral proboscis arteries supply blood in proboscis region and the two lateral efferent glomerular arteries make a vascular plexus around the buccal tube and it is known as peribuccal vessels.
The two efferent glomerular arteries run backwards and join after a certain distance make a common blood vessel on the ventral side, ventral vessels. The ventral vessels run-up to the end of the body and run along the ventral mesentery.
In the way of the ventral vessel, the ventral vessels give different branches in different regions of the body in Balanoglossus, in the collar region, the ventral vessels give a branch to the collar region and this branch is known as ventral collar vessels.
In collar-trunk septum the ventral vessels give a supply ring vessels, the ventral vessels give branch in each gill septum and it divides into two branches which give vascular supply into adjacent tongue bar. The ventral vessels give supply to the body wall in its way and the wall of ventral vessels is muscular, blood flow in ventral vessels in backwards directions.
Veins or Collecting Vessels:
On the dorsal side of the body in Balanoglossus, a dorsal vessel run from the end of the body to the collar region and the blood flow in the dorsal vessels in a forwarding direction. It collects blood from different regions of the body, body wall, branchial region and carries the blood in a forwarding direction, the dorsal vessel finally opens into the venous sinus. The venous sinus collects blood from the proboscis region through two lateral proboscis veins and the venous sinus finally open into the central sinus.
Reference:
Detailed Information on
What is Balanoglossus: A Tongue Worm
External Morphology of Balanoglossus
Coelom and Coelomic Fluid in Balanoglossus
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