We have already discussed various methods of biodiversity conservation, biodiversity in plants and animals and now we are going to discuss about biodiversity and its types but before we go forward we will give you a basic idea about biodiversity.
Table of Contents
What is Biodiversity:
Biodiversity is a measure of variation and richness in species in a particular ecosystem or a major geographical region or whole world and it is an indication of the stability of our environment.
Biodiversity is used for understanding the ecosystem stability and the variety of different organisms in an area and it has a great importance on our environment because presence and absence of a particular species in an ecosystem impart a specific effect on different organisms of the environment.
Biodiversity is highly important for human beings because they are highly dependent on different organisms for food, fibres, medicine and other daily required materials so it is very important to know about biodiversity for us and realise the situation of biodiversity so we can take different steps to maintain them.
Different Types of Biodiversity:
We can classify biodiversity into three groups to classify them depending upon various levels – ecological biodiversity, species biodiversity and genetic biodiversity which we will discuss below one by one.
Ecological Biodiversity:
Diversity of different ecosystems like desert ecosystems, rainforest ecosystems in a region in which differ animals and plants interact with each other and environmental factors are known as ecological biodiversity.
Species Biodiversity:
This type of biodiversity refers to the richness of species in a specific area which considers all the species from large plants, animals to very small microorganisms. It is the most basic level of biodiversity which is an indication for the variety of organisms present in an area and most of the case the biodiversity means species diversity.
Genetic Biodiversity:
Have you noticed a large variation in human beings but all the members of humans belong to the same species then why do they show great variation?
It is due to diversity in their genetic material which makes them different in height, skin colour, body structure so this type of variation among the members of a species is referred to as genetic biodiversity.
Due to genetic diversity it is possible to produce different types of high yielding crops through selective breeding and different varieties of flowering plants.
Importance of Biodiversity:
Now we will discuss the Importance of biodiversity and why we should conserve them due to human welfare.
Biodiversity is Essential for Ecological Stability:
In an ecosystem every member has a specific role so if the member is not present in the ecosystem then it will have harmful effects on the ecosystem.
We should give equal importance to all members of an ecosystem even if we do not get any economic benefits from those organisms but for better stability of the ecosystem we should conserve them.
An ecosystem with great biodiversity can tolerate more stress and it results in a strong and stabilised ecosystem.
Biodiversity and its Economic Importance:
We are highly dependent on various plants and animals for food, medicine, fibres and other daily used material so we have to give them importance because their economic value and the source of oxygen also depends on biodiversity.
Because a stable ecosystem only can give us various important materials for our daily life and for stabilised ecosystem we should give Importance to our biodiversity.
Ethical Importance:
Every member of our earth has their right to use the natural resources and live equally but due to human interference some members of the environment become extinct which is not ethical.
Biodiversity is very important for maintaining our natural beauty which helps us to live a healthy life but due to pollution and overexploitation most of them are going to go extinct but recent efforts save them from extinction to a large extent.
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