Hi, now we are going to discuss some fossil fuels, coal and petroleum along with formation and types of coal in which we will talk about how coal is formed and different types of coal.
Table of Contents
Basic Introduction About Coal and Petroleum:
In our daily life we need different types of sources for our energy for different purposes and we also have different options for energy and one of them is fossil fuels. The name fossil fuels give an idea about their origin and they are not available in much because they are non renewable and they need a very long time for their formation.
But we should utilise all sources of energy and in previous times when we were unaware about different types of renewable energy sources then these fossil fuels were the only source of our energy and the best examples of fossil fuels are coal and petroleum.
Both coal and petroleum are formed from decaying plant parts in the same process through which the formation of fossils occurs under the earth crust.
Formation of Coal and Petroleum:
The plant which was present in our earth a very long time ago was sometimes buried under the earth crust during types of accidents that happened in our ancient environment and after that they remain there and start to decompose.
During ancient times vegetative was very thick and very large trees and fern were present but with time they died and piled up on the earth crust and after a long time they converted into peats. But with time they go too deep in the earth’s surface and pressure on them increases with time.
As they go to much depth in the earth surface the remains of plant parts compressed due to very high pressure and the higher temperatures make them convert into carbon rich fossil fuels.
As most plant parts are made of carbon so fossil fuels are also rich in carbon and we can burn the carbon with the help of oxygen to get a high amount of energy but fossil fuels emit an amount of oxides of carbon so now we do not prefer to use fossil fuels as source of energy.
Types of Coal:
During the decay of plant body parts all parts and all plants do not give the same quality of carbon, amount of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen present in different amounts and depending on their composition they can be categorised as three types of coal- lignite, bituminous and anthracite.
Some Basic Information About Petroleum:
Petroleum is an example of liquid fossil fuels and they are also produced from the decaying plant body in our ancient times which present in liquid form under the surface of earth crust.
The liquid form of fossil fuels is collected and then refined through various processes and during this refining different types of material we get like petrol, kerosene.
The difference material we get during the purification of petroleum we use in different purposes because all components are not suitable for all types of use for example kerosene is not suitable for all types of use and petrol also not suitable for all types of purposes and some chemicals obtained during refining of petroleum is not used as fuel but used in other purposes.
Product of Petroleum:
Now we will discuss different types of products we get as derivatives of petroleum, during the refining of crude oil we get different components and we can use them in different industries like pharmaceutical industry, manufacturing fertilizers, manufacturing of perfumes, insecticide, pesticides.
The components we get during refining of petroleum are lubricant, petroleum coke, tar, kerosene, paraffin wax, naphthalene, gasoline.
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